needed for an extension, now in progress, of the Patent Office, which within two or three years will be entirely rebuilt, and greatly enlarged by the addition of new premises in Took's Court.' JOSEPH COLLINSON. Wolsingham, co. Durham. OLD CUSTOMS AT RIPON MINSTER. (See 6th S. xi. 403). At the morning service on Christmas Day the choristers had with them in the choir baskets of red apples, now called "Tanfield Reds." At the conclusion of the service they carried their baskets round, presenting to various members of the congregation each an apple with a sprig of box stuck in the top, and receiving a Christmas-box in return, sixpence, a shilling, or even half-a-crown, according to circumstances. The first part of the marriage service took place 66 on a blue stone" in the floor of the choir, near an entrance from the south choir aisle at the end of the stalls; the second part was at the altar rails. At the Sunday afternoon service the sermon came after the third collect; whether the anthem came before or after the sermon my informant cannot recollect. The service concluded with the "State Prayers." When a funeral took place on a Sunday afternoon, which was not uncommonly the case, the body was brought up the nave with singing of metrical psalms or hymns, which could sometimes be heard from the choir while the service was going on there. The coffin was brought into the choir and placed between the stalls just east of the entrance under the organ. The lesson from the Burial Service was read instead of the second lesson for the day, and at the conclusion of the service one of the vicars read the sentences and the Burial Psalm in the church, after which the service was concluded at the grave. On one of these occasions a miraculous light was supposed to have played visibly over the head of a deceased Wesleyan. I have taken down the above from the oral testimony of the Rev. J. W. Darnbrough, rector of South Otterington, a native of Ripon, who remembers the circumstances. For "Perambulation Day" in 1481 and 1830, see Ripon Chapter Acts, Surtees Soc., 337 and note, in which "Thursday" is clearly a mistake in the MS. for Tuesday. Bp. Hatfield's Hall, Durham. J. T. F. REV. RICHARD WALTER. (See 7th S. vi. 92, 235, 351, 432; vii. 112, 236; viii. 14, 517).-As a fitting conclusion to the correspondence that has appeared in the pages of 'N. & Q.' respecting the authorship of Anson's Voyage,' I should be obliged if you could find a place for the following inscription, which has been put up on a brass plate in the church of Great Staughton, Hunts:— "This brass is dedicated by his descendants to the memory of the Rev. Richard Walter, M.A., sometime Fellow of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, Chaplain of Portsmouth Dockyard (1745-1785); Chaplain of H.M.S. Centurion in Commodore Anson's Expedition, and Author of the well-known Voyage round the World.' He died 10th March, 1785, aged 67, and was buried in this church, the manor at that time belonging to his family. In the same grave rests Jane, his wife, who died Dec., 1813, aged 90." E. L. H. TEW, M.A. Queries. We must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that the answers may be addressed to them direct. "LITTLE SUSSEX."-The Lintots had a house at Fulham bearing this name. Henry Lintot, the office of sheriff for the county of Sussex, and hence, son of the famous publisher, served, in 1745, the doubtless, the name. Can any reader kindly Lintot's residence at Fulham? I do not want any furnish me with any particulars regarding Bernard general details regarding his life or his business transactions with Pope. I should be very greatly indebted to any one who could indicate to me the exact site at Fulham of the home of the Lintots. It was, of course, at Broomhouse. When was it demolished? Please reply direct CHAS. JAS. FERET. 49, Edith Road, West Kensington. A BROTHER OF DEAN SWIFT.-Can any one help me to answer the following query, which appeared in the April part of Fenland Notes and Queries?— "In the register of burials at Northborough, under the year 1737, occurs this entry: Tho Swift Bro to Dr Jon" Swift Dean of St Patricks Dublin Dec. 34. Can any correspondent explain this? Such a person is quite humous child, and his father, when he died in 1667, left unknown to history. Dean Swift was himself a postonly one infant daughter.' Maxey, Market Deeping. W. D. SWEeting. PRE-REFORMATION DOCTRINE OF THE MASS.— Can any one direct me to original passages, showing that it was taught (at or near the time of the Reformation)-(1) that the sacrifice of the Cross was for original sin, that of the Mass being offered for actual sins committed by souls; (2) that in the sacrifice of the Mass our Lord was, either in an unbloody manner or in any way, sacrificed afresh, or over again; (3) that persons could pay for a priest to offer our Lord as a sacrifice anew, and apart from his one sacrifice on the Cross? W. S. B. H. "DUMBLE."-Can any of your readers give me the derivation of the term dumble? So far as I can gather, it is a word used locally for a wooded valley down which runs a stream, and I suppose is a connexion of the Scottish dune and Devonshire doon. The only other possible derivation I can suppose is from a rare word dumal, meaning woody, which would be applicable to the valley. The question was asked in 'N. & Q.' in 1868, but I believe did not elicit a reply. H. E. BELCHER. JOHN COLEBROOKE, Consul at Cadiz, 1748-1752, is stated in a MS. pedigree in my possession to have left an only daughter. In most of the baronetages he is said to have died unmarried, but I fancy the later books have only copied from Kimber, who says he died in 1760, but does not state whether he married or not. The real date of his death is 1761 (vide Gent. Mag.), but I am unable to find his will at Somerset House. Can any correspondent of N. & Q' tell me where he died, and whether he ever married; and, if so, who his wife was? E. R. J. GAMBIER HOWE, F.S.A. HERALDIC.-To what family do the following arms belong? They are impaled by the family of Brooks, on an inescutcheon of pretence, in the last century: "Gules, on a chevron or, three torteaux." B. FLORENCE SCARLETT. REGISTERS OF BAPTISMS PERFORMED BY LAYMEN.-Can any reader of N. & Q.' inform me whether, in the event of a child being baptized by a layman privately, and not living to be publicly baptized in a church, any record of such a baptism is made in the parish register? A child at the point of death in many cases would be baptized by the nurse or possibly the doctor, no clergyman being present; and since this baptism, if properly performed, would be recognized as valid by both the Anglican and Roman Catholic churches, I should like to know whether it is usual to make an entry to that effect in the register. New York. FREDERICK T. HIBGAME. THE KYNNERSLEYS OF LOXLEY.-Collin's, in his 'Peerage' of the year 1779, says of William de Ferrers, sixth Earl of Derby, "This Earl of Ferrers and Derby left issue (in 1246) by his wife, Agnes, sister and coheir of Ranulpb, the last Earl Palatine of Chester, two sons, viz., William, his successor, and Thomas, second son, who had the lordship of Chartley from his mother, but who died soon after without issue; his elder brother William was Earl of Ferrers, Derby, and Nottingham, and Lord of Tutbury, and also, after the death of his brother Thomas, Lord of Chartley in Staffordshire." What proof is there that Thomas de Ferrers died without issue? There is no doubt, I believe, that Loxley was part of the Chartley estate. I cannot find that it ever belonged to the Ferrerses before they had Chartley. Henry de Ferrers had no manors in the Totmonslow Hundred of Staffordshire. If Collins be correct, who was Thomas de Ferrers of Loxley, who married Margaret, daughter of William de Somerville, and whose daughter Johanna brought Loxley to the Kynnersleys by her marriage with John de Kinardsley, of Herefordshire, in which county they held Kinardsley Castle before the Conquest, and are said in an old Brereton roll to be descended from Tudor Trevor, Earl of Hereford, 901. Johanna de Ferrers, at the death of her brother Thomas de Ferrers of Loxley, 4 Edw. I., A.D. 1276, was his heir. GUSTAVUS WALTER SNEYD. "HONEST WILL CROUCH."-Many years ago I purchased from Evans, printseller, the Strand, London, an excellent mezzotint of this worthy, "N. Tucker pinx. 1725," "P. Pelham fecit." It measures 10 in. by 88 in., exclusive of the following inscription : In constant Industry (deserving Praise) Honest Will: Crouch has spent his youthfull Days. He pious Bounties, undistinguished gave; Intomb'd the Princess, and reliev'd the Slave. Age he undaunted bears, nor fears decay; Since Art preserves what Time would take away. Mr. G. W. Reid, then the Superintendent of the Print-Room, British Museum, assured me that this mezzotint was very rare. In Evans's Catalogue of Portraits' it is numbered 2796, and the German Princess is said to be Mary Carlton. Any information regarding William Crouch or Mary Carlton will be welcomed. H.-W. CROMWELL: SMITH: ASH.-I want to find a pedigree proving the descent from Oliver Cromwell of a family residing in Yorkshire towards the end of the last century. The name was Smith, and one member was Lord Mayor of York three times. An aunt or cousin of the same married a gentleman named Luccock, and their daughters married into the families of Ash and Boulton in Yorks. The missing family tree was seen, along with a purse and gauntlet of the Protector s, at Malton "She call'd the German Princess," Hall early in the present century. In 1855 Mr. "THE HOUSE"= LIVING-ROOM.-When a child, "WEDDING KNIFE."-In 'The Laird o' Logie' May Margaret steals "the Queen her wedding knife" along with "the King's redding kaim," to use as a token whereby "the Keeper of the Key" shall know that he is to free her lover. In 'The Cruel Sister' we have also "he courted the eldest with broach and knife." I quote from The Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border' version. Was the betrothal or wedding gift of a knife from lover to lady peculiar to Scotland; and how far back does the custom date? E. H. HICKEY. MACARONI LATIN.-The French and German equivalents of this expression are latin de cuisine (or kitchen Latin) and Jäger Latein (or the huntsman's Latin). What is the earliest use and the origin of these three curious appellations? CHARLES BURION. lish historians? Ranke, in his 'History of Eng- "HOODLUMISM.". occasioned by the usual outbreak of hoodlumism, which "The interruption to business referred to above was has come to be regarded as appropriate to the last session of the year. Like the majority of such customs, it has lasted long enough to become an unmitigated nuisance, without a redeeming feature in the shape of sport or fun."-St. Louis Republic, pt. ii., Dec. 31, 1892. The custom referred to is that of the merchants pelting each other with the samples of flour, &c. But whence hoodlumism? PAUL BIERLEY. SÉJAN.—I have come upon a newspaper reference to this "unlucky horse." Where may my ignorance about him find enlightenment? W. F. WALLER. "LOOKING INTO THE BLACK SAND."-At certain times when the tide is high and the waves break with great force and subsequently retire a considerable distance, these movements will unearth, it is said, many relics, such as odd coins, rings, and other treasure, which has been recently dropped and lost on the beach. Some fishermen are so superstitious, declaring (probably from the exaggerated hearsay traditions of the past) that thus much treasure has been recovered. I have seen sometimes at one spot upwards of a dozen men spending hours at this pursuit, without picking up material worth a halfpenny. This sort of loafing appears rather an excuse for idleness or a sort of impecunious gambling. I shall be very grateful formation and references upon this subject as to if some of your readers will kindly give me inthe origin of the term. J. LAWRENCE HAMILTON, M.R.C.S. 30, Sussex Square, Brighton, CHAS. JAS. FERET. GROVE HOUSE, FULHAM.-Can any reader 51, Sale Street, Derby. kindly give me information touching old Grove ULLOA'S LIFE OF THE EMPEROR CHARLES V. House, near Sand's End, Fulham? I should -Alfonso Ulloa's "Vita del imperator Carlo V. be glad of any biographical details regarding its dall' anno 1500 insins al 1560, 4° Venetia, 1562" Sir John Elwes, Sir Brook Bridges, and Mr. Deresidents, especially as to Henry Elwes, his nephew (one of the first editions of this contemporary his-liverance Smith. Grove House was pulled down tory, being unknown to Brunet and Renouard, who about the close of the last century. Is the actual were not aware of any previous to 1566), contains, I find, among other interesting details, in the fifth year known? Kindly reply direct. book, from folio 309b till f. 313a, a minute description and lively picture of the grand reception and wedding festival between King Philip of Spain and Mary, celebrated at Winchester in July, 1554. The Bishop of Winchester is said, on this solemn occasion, to have been assisted by the five other bishops of Chichester (or Chester? it is "Cistu" in the Italian text), Lincoln, Salisbury, Ely, and Durham. Is this account of a contemporaneous writer noticed and appreciated by Eng 49, Edith Road, West Kensington. EPISCOPAL SIGNATURES.-I noticed, a few weeks since, when in Cornwall, a pastoral letter by the Bishop of Truro, to which he simply signs himself as "John." Can any one say when it first became the custom for prelates to add the names of their sees, and if Dr. Gott has Anglican precedent for his simplicity? C. E. GILDERSOME-DICKINSON. Eden Bridge. Beplies. THE MID-DAY ANGELUS. authenticated reference to its observance ?" The Benedictin editors of Ducange, s. v. (6 Angelus," say : "The institution of this practice, which first began at the ringing of the curfew-bell [ad pulsationem ignitegii), is attributed by some to St. Bonaventure; but by others, Your correspondent E. B. M., hesitating to ques- and with greater probability, to Pope John XXII. The tion the statement of Dr. Kitchin, Dean of Win- Council of Sens, A.D. 1347, decrees (cap. 13) that the chester, in his' History of France,' that the mid-day ordinance made by Pope John XXII. for the saying of Angelus was instituted by King Louis XI. (1461-three Ave Marias at the time or hour of curfew be inviolably observed'; and the statutes of Simon, Bishop of 1483), asks, nevertheless, "Is there no earlier Nantes (in Martene, tom. 4, Anecd. col. 962), ordain that they [the parish priests?] shall at the customary I beg leave to offer, out of the limited means at hour cause bells to be rung in their churches for the hand here, an incomplete reply; but, such as it is, ignitegium, in French couvrefeu, and shall instruct the you may still think it of sufficient interest for pub-Phe words of the salutation Ave Maria addressed by the parishioners at such ringing to say, on bended knees, lication, and it may at least furnish some clue for Angel to the glorious Virgin Mary; and thereby they gain ten days of indulgence.'......In 1369, the Synod of Béziers (Martene, tom. 4 Anecd., col. 660) decrees as follows:- Item, in like manner it is ordained that henceforth at dawn of day three strokes be struck with the clapper [batallum] on the larger bell; and let every one hearing it, whatever be his state of life, say three times Pater noster and Ave Maria.”” other readers. In the 'Romanorum Pontificum Brevis Notitia' of Guil. Burius, Bruxellensis (Rome, 1763), it is stated that John XXII. (1316–1334), "introduced, in honour of the Incarnation of Christ, the Angelic Salutation, which is announced thrice a day by the sound of a bell; in order that the faithful, if they cannot do so more frequently, may pray to God at least three times, after the example of David: Evening and morning and at noon will I pray"" (Ps. lv. 17). Addis (William E.) and Arnold, in their 'Catholic Dictionary' (1884), state, less vaguely and rhetorically : "The evening Angelus was introduced by Pope John XXII. in the fourteenth century; that at noon, according to Mabillon, arose in France, and received Papal sanction at the beginning of the sixteenth century." It will be observed that this is not precisely the form of prayer now known as the Angelus. 66 At length, by authority of the Supreme Pontiff, 300 further days of indulgence were added, after it had been ordered by Louis XI., in 1472, that the Angelus should be said thrice a day, which practice has been piously and religiously observed to the present time [1733].” I note en passant a curious and contrarious parallelism between two of the above quotations, that from Noel and Carpentier and that from the Council of Sens: according to the former, in Noel (Fr.) and Carpentier ('Dict. des Origines,' 1327 the Pope approves the evening prayer intro1827), after defining the Angelus as "prière in-duced at Saintes, granting ten days' indulgence; stituée, en 1316, par le pape Jean XXII.," make other statements apparently at variance with this; for they go on to say : "En 1327, le pape [John XXII.] approuva l'usage que l'église de Saintes avait introduit, d'avertir le soir les fidèles, au son de la cloche, de faire une prière à la Vierge, et accorda dix jours d'indulgence à ceux qui la feraient genoux. C'est ainsi qu'a commencé la prière qu'on nomme Angelus. Louis XI., en 1472, établit en France l'usage de cette prière, et il ordonna que, dans chaque église, on sonnerait une cloche trois fois par jour, le matin, à midi et le soir, pour avertir de la réciter." Alban Butler (July 14) says of St. Bonaventure that "he held a general chapter [of the Franciscans or Friars Minors] at Paris in 1266; and in the next, which he assembled at Assisium, he ordered the triple salutation of the Blessed Virgin called the Angelus Domini to be recited every evening at six o'clock." This does not necessarily imply that St. Bonaventure was the originator of the Angelus. It is to be borne in mind that in a General Chapter of his Order, gathered from various countries, he may have heard of the practice as in vogue somewhere and have thought it suitable for approval, and for adoption everywhere by and under the friars his brethren; just as the Pope, in like manner, might approve of it for the faithful generally. according to the latter, in 1347 the Council of Sens approves the evening prayer appointed by the Pope. In both cases the Pope was John XXII., by birth a Frenchman. Thus far, the earliest date assigned to the evening prayer is about the year 1266, and in connexion with St. Bonaventure; the earliest for the call to the morning prayer is at Béziers in 1369; the earliest for the Angelus at mid-day is under Louis XI., in 1472. If we turn, however, to the 'Hierolexicon' of the brothers Domenico and Carlo Magri (in Latin Macrius, Macrus, and Macer), published in Latin at Rome in 1677, we find a different series of dates, going back to the eleventh century. Under the heading "Salutatio Angelica" this work says: "The signal given three times a day by sounding a bell to remind Christians to recite such [hujusmodi] a salutation was, according to some authors, instituted by Urban II. [1088-1099], chiefly [præcipue] as regards the morning and evening signal, in order that all the faithful might by this prayer beseech God for the recovery of the Holy Land; the struggle for that object [the First Crusade, 1096-1100] being then in progress. So writes Ciacconius [Alfonso Chacon] in his account of that Pope; and, 1554-1610], in his Lignum Vitae,' that this pious cusmore explicitly, Arnould Wion [a French Benedictin, tom had lasted 134 years; but falling into neglect, it was resumed by order of Gregory IX. [1227-1241], with the addition of the mid-day signal [addito etiam meridiano pulsationis signo]. Wion also adds: The evening bell points to the Joyful Mysteries of our redemption; the mid-day bell to the Sorrowful ones; the morning bell to the Glorious ones. Others write that the mid-day bell was instituted by Louis XI. of France; but the more common opinion is that Calixtus III. [1455-1458] ordained this pious observance for a victory gained at that time in Hungary in favour of the Faith. So Platina; and also Chacon in his Gesta Pontificum'; although it may be true that a wider extension was given to this practice by King Louis XI., who on the 1st May had ordered [præceperat] that it should be observed through out France." Platina's statement as to Calixtus III. is : "He gave order, likewise, that God should be supplicated every day, and that a bell should be rung about noon to give people notice when they should join in prayer for the Christians against the Turks; so that the Christians, assisted by the prayers of the whole Church, fought against the Turks at Belgrade......and conquered them......a blow that so much scared the Turk that he retired in haste to Constantinople."-Trans. edited by Rev. W. Benham, B.D. It would appear, then, that the custom of pray. ing thrice a day at the sound of a bell goes back at least to about 1235, if not to 1096. But it is not, I think, clear on this evidence that the form of the prayer was identical with that of the present Angelus. It has no doubt undergone develop; ments, as well as modifications in both form and intention. JOHN W. BONE, F.S.A. Birkdale. "The return of the escheator sums up by stating that, as neither prioress nor nuns were left in the nunnery, the establishment had lapsed to the Crown 'tanquam locum profanum et dissolutum,' that is, from circumstances it had become derelict as a religious house, and came to the Crown, not by Act of Parliament, but simply by an escheat for want of successors in a corporation aggregate. Davington having thus escheated to the Crown, is not mentioned in the ecclesiastical survey taken in the following year."-Willement's 'Hist. of Davington,' p. 13. The whole of the property belonging to the priory, with the monastic buildings, having now become the property of the Crown, was granted to Sir Thomas Cheney, Knt. The Cheneys during their possession of the priory pulled down certain portions of the buildings and altered others, Among the portions destroyed were the parochial making the place suitable for a domestic dwelling. or eastern part of the church, and the south-western tower of the nuns' church, all the conventual buildings, with the exception of the prioress's parlour, the entrance hall, buttery, refectory, and the western alley of the cloister. New kitchens were built on the site of the north alley of the cloister, and, with slight alterations, the buildings remain to the present time as the Cheneys left them. various times. At the latter part of the last cenThey have, however, been used for all purposes at tury the refectory walls and the upper part of the remaining tower fell, caused by an explosion at the In 1845, T. Willement, Esq., restored the priory, gunpowder mills in the immediate neighbourhood. rebuilding the refectory and upper portion of the tower, and clearing out the rubbish which had been "In each case the eastern part was devoted to parochial allowed to accumulate around the walls. He also uses, and the westernmost to the religious community. arranged for weekly services to be held in the The partition wall was sufficiently high to screen the monastic from the general congregation, and the vault-church, and caused the place, which was in a deing would bear a continuous appearance viewed from either division of the church. Such certainly must have been the effect at Davington Church.' ABBEY CHURCHES (8th S. iii. 188, 257, 349, 378). -I believe Davington Church is not the only church in England where the parochial portion has been at the eastern end and the conventual at the western. At p. 30 of Willement's History of Davington,' Marrick Church, in the North Riding of Yorkshire, is compared with Davington: In a foot-note Mr. Willement gives other instances of churches where there is, or was, a similar arrangement-viz., Black Friars, at Norwich; Wymondham Abbey, Lynn Regis, and Grey Friars, at Reading. These form the English examples. On the Continent the following examples are given S. Scholastica, at Subiaco; the Church at Perugia; the Monasterio Maggiore, at Milan; S. Chiara, at Naples; and the Basilica of S. Lorenzo, at Rome. I think the fact that the monastic portion was allowed to remain at Davington, while the parochial was destroyed, may be accounted for in this way. In 1535 Matilda Dynemark, the last prioress, died, and the remaining inmates of the house con plorable condition, once more to smile with prosperity and beauty. CARUS VALE COLLIER. Davington Priory. eminent example of this connexion? Originally Is not St. Mary Overies, Southwark, a prelarge Chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, which Chapel a priory church, it received the addition of "a Then St. Helen's, Bishopsgate: "Sometime a was after appointed to be the Parish Church." church of St. Helen......the partition betwixt the priory of black nuns, and in the same, a parish nuns' Church and the Parish Church being taken down, remaineth now to the Parish" (Stow). A. HALL. "ENGENDRURE" (8th S. iii. 384, 437).—I found this word at once, in the first dictionary I opened (viz., the New English Dictionary'). Eight |
