ka-édun', cont. of kaśduta; kaśdun iyeya, to cause to glance off; kasdun iyaya, to glance off, as

an axe.

ka-sdu'-sdu-ta, v. red. of kaśduta; to polish ; to smooth by striking, to planish,-wakaśduśduta. ka-sdu'-ta, v. a. to strike and make glance off,wakaśduta. ka-se', v. n. to rub against,-makaśe, nićaśe. ka-śe'-ća, v. a. to make dead or dry by striking, to deaden by cutting around, as a tree,-wakaśeća.

ka-sen'-ki-ya, v. a. to cause to deaden,—kaśenwakiya.

ka-se'-ya, v. a. to rub against, fend off; to obstruct,-kaśewaya.

ka-se'-ya, adv. hitting against, touching. ka-si'-ća, v. a. to spoil or make badly by striking, -wakaśića.

ka-si'-ća-ho-wa-ya, v. a. to cause to cry out by striking,wakasićahowaya.

ka-sim', cont. of kasipa; kasim iyeya.

ka-s'in', v. n. to bend backwards,—makaś'in, nićaś'in.

ka-s'in'-yan, adv. bent backwards: kaś’inyaŋ un, he is bent backwards.

ka-si'-pa, v. a. to knock or cut off close, as branches from a tree, legs from a chair or pot, or rivets from a knife,—wakaśipa; to break off, as the wind does limbs from a tree.

ka-ska', v. a. to tie; to bind, imprison,-wakaśka, uŋkaśkapi, ćićaśka, makaśka: kaśka hnaka, to put in bonds or in prison,-kaśka wahnaka. ka-ska'-han, part. tied, bound. ka-śke'-haŋ, v. a. to make skip about by striking,-wakaśkehan.

ka-skem', cont. of kaśkepa; kaśkem ehpeya, to strike out, to press out by striking, as water from any thing.

ka-ske'-pa, v. a. to strike and press out, as water, -wakaśkepa.

ka-ski'-ća, v. a. to press by striking, to pound or batter out, as clothes,-wakaśkića. ka-skin', cont. of kaśkića; kaśkin iyeya. ka-ski'-śka, v. a. to make rough by striking,wakaśkiśka.

ka-śko'-kpa, v. a.

to hollow out, make concave, cut out, as a trough,-wakaśkokpa, unkaśkokpapi. Hence, ćankaśkokpa, a trough.

ka-sko-kpa-kpa, v. red. of kaśkokpa. ka-śkom', cont. of kaśkopa; kaśkom iyeya. ka-śko'-pa, v. a. to make crooked or twisted by

striking or falling,-wakaśkopa. ka-śko'-sko-pa, v. red. of kaśkopa. ka-śko'-tpa, v. a. Same as kaskokpa. ka-śko'-tpa-tpa, v. red. of kaśkotpa.

ka-spa', v. a. to separate, cut loose from; to cut in two, as a pair of blankets; to cough and spit, to expectorate,-wakaśpa, un kaśpapi; kićaspa, and kićićaśpa, to wrestle. ka-spa'-pi, n. See kaspapidan. ka-spa'-pi-dan, n.

a small piece of money, a

ten cent piece, dime. ka-spe'-pi-ća-śni, adj. not capable of being separated.

ka-spe'-ya, v. a. to cause to separate or break off; to cause to expectorate,-kaśpewaya. ka-spu', v. a. to cut off a piece by striking, cut off, as a bulge from a tree, etc.,-wakaśpu, unkaspupi.

ka-spu'-spu, v. red. of kaspu; to break up in pieces, as ice or tallow, by striking,—wakaśpuśpu ; to break up, as the wind does ice. ka-spu'-spu, n. pieces of lead cut and rounded in the mouth, slugs.

ka-sta', conj. (ka and esta) though, although :

tuwe kasta, whoever or nobody; taku kasta, whatever or nothing; toketu kasta, at all events, at any rate; hećetu kasta, let it be so. ka-stag', cont. of kastaka; kaśtag yeya, to throw, as a hutinacute,-kaśtag yewaya.

ka-sta'-ka, v. a. to strike, beat, whip; to kill,— wakastaka, yakaśtaka, unkaśtakapi. ka-stan', v. a. to pour out; to throw away; said of liquids only, wakaśtan, unkaśtanpi. ka-sus', cont. of kaśuza; kaśuś iyeya. ka-su'-sus, cont. of kasuśuza; kasuśuś iyeya, to bruise or mash down.

ka-su'-sus-ya, adv. battered, bruised. ka-su'-su-ża, v. a. red. of kasuża.

ka-sus'-ya, v. a. to cause to batter or bruise,kasuśwaya.

ka-sus'-ya, adv. bruisedly, batteredly.

ka-śu'-ża, v. a. to bruise, to batter, to mash, to crush, wakaśuża.

ka'-ta, adj. warm, hot; applied both to persons

and things,-makata, nikata.

ka-ta', adv. together: kata iheya, to assemble together,-kata iheunyanpi.

ka-ta'-ġa, v. of tage; to make waves and foam, as the wind does by blowing on water. ka-tah', cont. of kataga; katah toŋ, to make

waves.

ka-ta'-kiŋ, v. a. to strike and cause to lean,-wakatakin.

ka-ta'-kin-yan, adv. leaning: katakinyan haŋ, to stand leaning.

ka-ta'-ko-haŋ, v. katakohan yuza, to embrace,— katakohan mduza.

ka-ta'-ku-ni-śni, v. a. (ka and takuniśni) to beat to pieces, destroy,-wakatakuniśni. ka-tan', v. a. to pound on,-wakatan, unkatanpi: to press on, as water on a paddle or wind on a sail. ka-tan'-in, v. a.

to make apparent, to clear off, as any thing covered up,-wakatanin. ka-tan'-ka, v. a. to beat out large, to enlarge,

wakatanka.

ka-tan'-ka-ya, v. a. to make large,―wakatankaya.

ka-ta'-om, cont. of kataonpa; leaning, at an angle of forty-five degrees. ka-ta'-om-ya, adv. leaning.

ka-ta'-on-pa, v. to lean. See kataom.

ka-ta'-psis, cont. of katapsiza; katapsis iyeya. ka-ta'-psi-za, v. a. to cause to rise, as bubbles in water, by throwing something in,—wakatapsiza.

ka-ta'-ta, v. a. to shake off, as dust, etc., from a

bed; to brush off with the hand or a brush,—wakatata, unkatatapi.

ka-t'a'-t'a, v. a. to make blunt or batter by striking,―wakat'at'a.

ka-ta'-ża, v. of taźa; to make waves, as the wind does.

ka-te'-han, adv. far, at a distance.

ka-te'-han-yan, adv. at some distance, a little distance off.

ka-tem', cont. of katepa; katem iyeya. ka-te'-pa, v. a. to cut to a stump,—wakatepa. ka-ti'-ća, v. a. to scrape off, as snow,—wakatića, unkatićapi.

ka-ti'-ća, v. n. to be obstructed, as the nostrils. ka-tik'-ti-ća, v. a. to thicken by stirring,-wakatiktića.

ka-tin', cont. of katića; katin iyeya.

ka-tin', adj. straight, straightened out, as the arm, —makatin.

ka-tin'-ki-ya, v. a. to stretch out, straighten out: isto katinwakiya, I straighten out my arm. ka-tin'-yan, adv. directly, continuously, without stop.

ka-tka', v. n. to choke or be choked, as in eating, to stick in the throat,-makatka, nićatka. ka-tke', v. Same as katka.

ka-tke'-ya, v. A. to cause to choke,-katkewaya. ka-tki'-tka, v. n. to collect in little bunches or lumps, as meal thrown in in making mush.

ka-tki'-tka-tka, v. n. red. of katkitka; to gather into bunches or lumps, be tangled, as locks of hair. ka-tku', adj. cut short, short, rather short. ka-tku'-dan, adj. short: onhdoħda katkudan seća, the coat seems to be very short. ka-tku'-ga, v. a. to cut short, cut into short pieces, wakatkuga. Hence, tiyopa iyokatkuġe, nails.

ka-tkuh', cont. of katkuga; katkuh iyaya, to go round and get on the other side, to go by a short cut,-katkuh imdamda.

ka-tkuh'-ya, adv. going around. ka-tkuns', cont. of katkunza.

ka-tkun'-tkuŋ-ta, v. See kakuntkunta.

ka-tkun'-za, v. a. to cut off square,—wakatkunza.

ka-tku'-tku-ġa, v. red. of katkuġa.

ka-to', v. a. to strike and not make an indentation; to knock or rap on a door,-wakato. ka-to'-han, v. to stand and tap, as a woodpecker

ka-to'-to, v. red. of kato; to knock or beat on, as on a door; to clear off, as bushes, trees, etc., from a field,-wakatoto.

ka-tpa', v. a. to strike and knock out, as an eye; to strike, as in bleeding, i. q. kankatpa; to strike through, as in shooting with an arrow, i. q. katpa iyeya,—wakatpa, unkatpapi.

ka-tpan', v. a. to bruise, mash up by beating; to wink, as the eye-lids, wakatpan. ka-tpan'-tpan, v. red. of katpan.

ka-tpa'-tpa, v. red. of katpa; to strike and knock out pieces,-wakatpatpa.

ka-tpi', v. a. to crack, as nuts, by striking,

ka-tin'-za, v. a. to pound tight, make tight, make firm,-wakatiŋza.

ka-to'-źa, v. a. to dull or make blunt by striking, -wakatoża.

ka-tun'-ke-ća, v. See atunkeća.

ka-u', v. a. of au; to bring to one, to be in the act

of bringing to,-wakau, uŋkaupi, ćićau, makau. ka-wa'. See yukawa.

ka-wa'-ći, v. a. (ka and waći) to cause to dance by striking, to spin by whipping, as the boys do their tops,-wakawaći.

ka-wa'-han, part. opened.

ka-wang', cont. of kawanka; kawang ehpeya. ka-wan'-ka, v. a. to cut down, fell, as trees, -wakawaŋka; to blow down, as the wind does trees, houses, etc.

ka-wan'-kan, adv. kawankan iyeya, to knock upwards.

ka-wan'-kan-wa-pa, adv. a little up. ka-wa'-s'a-ka, v. n. to be made strong by packing,-makawas'aka.

ka-wa'-ste, v. a. to make well by striking or cutting with an axe. ka-we'-ga, v. a.

to break by striking, but not entirely off; to break, as an axe-helve; to break down,―wakaweġa, unkaweġapi; to break, as the wind does trees.

ka-weh', cont. of kaweġa; kaweh iyeya. ka-weh'-we-ga, v. red. of kaweġa. ka-weh'-weh, cont. of kawehwega; kawehweh iyeya, to fracture or break in several places. ka-weh'-ya, v. a. to cause to break,-kaweh

waya.

ka-weh'-ya, adv. breaking.

ka-wi'-hnu-ni, v. a. to destroy by striking, to break in pieces, wakawihnuni.

ka-wins', cont. of kawinźa; kawinś iyeya, and

kawinś elpeya, to beat down, mat down. ka-wins'-wins, cont. of kawinświnźa. ka-wins'-wins-ya, adv. matted down. ka-wins'-win-ża, v. red. of kawinza. ka-wins'-ya, v. a. to cause to mat down,—kawinśwaya.

ka-wins'-ya, adv. beaten down, fallen down. ka-win'-za, v. a. to beat down, mat down by striking, as grass, etc.,-wakawiŋża. ka-wi'-ta-ya, adv. together: kawitaya iheya, to assemble together, flock together.

ka-wo'-o-tan-in, v. n. to become light; to clear away, as a storm or any thing that obstructs vision.

ka'-ya, v. a. of aya; to take to one,-wakamda,

yakada, unkayapi, nićaya.

ka-ye'-ġa, v. a. to make shine by striking, as a

fire.

ka-ye'-han, adv. before, out in front: kayehan ećon, to do before another; kayehan naźin, to stand out in front; kayehan içihnaka, and kayehanigiya, to put oneself forward. ka-yo'-daŋ, adv. See kayowedaŋ. ka-yo'-taŋ, adv. Same as kayodaŋ. ka-yo'-we-dan, adj. zigzag, in all kinds of shapes kayowedan kigun, to make figures, as children do when playing in the snow; kayowedan waćipi, a kind of dance.

ka-yo'-yo, adv. yielding, giving when struck or pressed on kayoyo se apa, he strikes as if it yielded under the stroke.

ka-za', v. a. to pick to pieces, as the takan, or

sinew, used by the Dakotas in sewing,-wakaza. ka'-za, n. a unit, an atom, a particle, a grain: káza waŋźidaŋ, one grain or particle; káza nonpa, two grains.

ka-za'-mni, v. a. to uncover or open out, as any thing covered; to open out, as a door,-wakazamni, yakazamni.

ka-zan', v. a. to hurt, stun by striking, render motionless; to part, separate, as grass in passing through, wakazan, uŋkazanpi. ka-zan'-yan, adv. parting.

ka-za'-pa, v. a. to cut off meat from bones; said also when, in flaying an animal, the fat is left on the skin, wakazapa, uŋkazapapi. Hence, kazapapi, meat cut off from the bones.

ka-za'-za, v. a. to cut in strips; to gash,-wakazaza, uŋkazazapi.

ka-za'-za-pi, n. the ermine, i. q. kituŋkasan; so called because the skin is cut up into strips to

wear on the head.

ka-ze', v. a. to lade or dip out with a spoon or ladle, wakaze, yakaze, uŋkazepi. ka'-ze-dan, adj. shallow, as water: mini kazedan, the water is shallow; i. q. puzedan. ka-zi', v. n. to fill up, as a pipe-stem with water, etc.; to have the sense of fulness, so as not to be able to swallow: éante kazi, the heart is full,ćante makazi.

to weave in, as in

ka-zo', v. a. to mark; to throw back the arms,— wakazo, unkazopi. ka-zon', cont. of kazonta; making baskets, etc. ka-zon'-ta, v. a. to weave, as cloth, to twist in, as in making baskets or snow-shoes, i. q. yánka,wakazonta, yakazoŋta, uŋkazoŋtapi. ka-zun'-ta, v. Same as kazoŋta.

ka-ża', v. a. to split a little, to make gape,-wakaza.

ka-źa'-haŋ, v. a. of żahaŋ; to make scream out by striking,-wakaźahan.

ka-za'-han-haŋ, v. red. of każahaŋ.

ka-ża'-ża, v. a. to wash by pulling back and forth, -wakaźaża.

ka-ża'-ża, adv. clearly: kaźaża wanyaka, to see clearly.

ka-żim', cont. of kažipa; kazim iyeya, to shave off quickly or by a stroke. ka-zim'-żi-pa, v. red. of kažipa.

ka-zi'-pa, v. a. to shave with a knife or drawingknife, to plane,-wakaźipa, uŋkażipapi. ka-źo', v. n. to purge, have a diarrhea,-wakazo. ka-żo'-pi, n. a purging, a diarrhea. ka-zun', v. a. to pull up, as birds do corn; to

come out or moult, as the quills of geese, etc. ka-źu'-źu, v. a. to blot out, efface; to pay off, as one's debts; to forgive; to knock to pieces; to come to pieces, as a waggon, cart, etc., in hauling, -wakażużu.

kća, adj. loose, disentangled, straight. See kakća,

etc.

kća-han', part. coming loose, untying of itself. kćan. See yukćan.

kćan'-ka, n. one who fails of doing what he said he would.

kéan'-kéan-ka, n. any thing that is tall, i. q. hanska.

kóa-wa'-han, part. come untied.

ke, particle. It is sometimes used as the sign of the future tense of the first person; as, hećamon ke epća, I thought I would do that. ke-ćan'-kin, v. a. to think of as such, to regard as,-kećan wakin, kećanyakin, kećanunkinpi, kećanmayakin, kećanćićin. See ećankin. ke-ćin', v. to think that,-kećanmi, kećanni, unkećinpi. See ećin.

ke-éi'-ya, v. a. to say to one that it is so and so, -kewakiya, keuŋkiyapi, kemakiya, kećićiya, kenićiya. See ećiya.

ke-ćon', v. to do that: tanyan kećon içidaća, he

thinks he has done that well. See econ. ke-ha', v. 2d pers. sing. of keya. ke'-ha, n. (keya and ha) a tortoise-shell. keh-ke'-ġa, v. n. to have a rattling in the throat, as any thing choked to death,-wakehkeġa. ke-kto'-pa-win-ġe, adj. a thousand: kektopawinge wikćemna, ten thousand.

ke-nun'-yan, v. to know partly, to suspect; i. q. tungya,-kenuŋwaya.

ke-pa', v. 1st pers. sing. of keya. ke'-pa, n. (keya and pa) a tortoise's head. ke-pća', v. 1st pers. sing.; I thought that: hećeće kta kepća, I thought that it would be so. kes-ton', v. n. to be barbed, have a barb, as a fish

hook. kes, conj.

although. It is always used in reference to past time.

ke'-ya, n. the large tortoise; a roof, i. q. wakeya.

ke'-ya, adj. sloping, like a roof: keya han, it stands roof-like.

ke'-ya, v. a. to make a roof of,-kewaya. ke-ya', ". to say that,-kepa, keha, unkeyapi. Keya, kećin, and kećankin, are from eya, ećin, and ećankin. Those of the latter class indicate that the subject of the preceding verb is identical with the person who says or thinks, which those of the former class do not: as, mde kta eha, I will go, thou saidst; mde kta keha, thou saidst that I would go; ećamoŋ kta ećin, I will do it, thought he, or he thought he would do it; ećamoŋ kta kećin, he thought that I would do it. ke'-ya-haŋ, part. sloping, roof-like. ke-ze', n. the barb of a fish-hook. ke-zon'-ta, n. the soft-shelled tortoise. ke-zun'-ta, n. Same as kezonta.

ki, prep. in comp. to, for, of. It is often prefixed to verbs or incorporated in them: as, kte, to kill, kikte, to kill for one; kaga, to make, kidaga, to make for or to one; ećon, to do, ećakićon, to do When prefixed to verbs of motion commencing with a vowel, the i is dropped: as, kau, from ki and au; keyaya is probably from ki and eyaya.

to one.

ki, pron. pos. in comp. meaning one's own; as, okide, to seek one's own.

ki, a prefix to some verbs, which indicates that the action is performed through the middle of the object; as, kibaksa, to cut in two in the middle. ki, v. n. to arrive at one's house or where one lives; this is used when the person speaking is away from the home spoken of,-waki, yaki, yaki, unkipi.

ki, v. a. to take from one by force, to rob,-waki, yaki, uŋkipi, maki, nići, ćići.

ki-a'-pe, v. a. to wait till one reaches home,kiawape.

ki-ba', v. pos. of ba; to blame oneself or one's own; to suffer in consequence of one's own course, -wakiba, uŋkibapi.

ki-ba'-ki-ya, v. a. to cause to blame oneself,—

kibawakiya.

ki-ba'-ksa, v. a. to cut in two in the middle, as a stick,-kibawaksa, kibaunksapi.

ki-ba'-sa, n. one who is lazy, gets along with difficulty and blames himself much. Perhaps it was formerly kiba s'a.

ki-ba'-spa, v. a. to cut in two in the middle, as

an apple,-kibawaśpa.

ki-bo'-ksa, v. a. to shoot in two in the middle,kibowaksa.

ki-bo'-psa-ka, v. a. to shoot off in the middle, as

a cord.

ki-bo'-spa, v. a. to shoot in two, as an apple,kibowaśpa.

ki-ća', prep. in comp. for, from: as, opeton, to buy; opekićaton, to buy from.

ki-ća', v. pos. of ka; to mean one's own; to ask for or demand one's own,-weća, yeća, unkićapi. ki'-ća-da, v. a. of kada; to spill, as grain, for

another, wećada, uŋkićadapi.

ki'-ća-ġa, v. a. of kaġa; to make to or for one: wowapi kićaġa, to write a letter to one,-wećaga, yećaga, unkićagapi, mićaġa, ćićaġa.

ki-ća'-ġa, v. pos. of kaga; to make for oneself,wećaga, etc.

ki-ća'-ġa, v. n. of ćaga; to become ice again. ki'-ća-hda, v. of kahda; to fall out or unroll for one,-mićahda, nićahda.

ki'-ća-hi, v. of kahi; to rummage for one,-wedahi, unkićahipi, mićahi. ki'-ća-kin-ća, v. of kakiŋća; to scrape, as a fish,

for one, wećakinća, uŋkićakinćapi. ki'-ća-kpa, v. of kakpa; to strike into for one:

kan kićakpa, to cut a vein for, i. e. to bleed one. ki’-ća-ksa, v. of kaksa; to cut in two for one, as a stick, with an axe,—wećaksa, uŋkićaksapi. ki-ća'-ksa, v. a. to cut in two in the middle with an axe or by striking; to break, as a law, to disobey,-kiwakaksa, kiuŋkaksapi. ki'-ća-ku-ka, v. of kakuka; to pound to pieces or destroy for one, as clothing,-wećakuka. ki'-ća-mde-ća, v. of kamdeća; to break for one by striking, as brittle ware,-wećamdeća. ki'-ća-mna, v. of kamna; to collect or gather together for one,-wećamna, mićamna.

ki-ćan', v. to call on the dead when wailing for them, as in crying, Mićiŋksi, mićinksi,' my son, my son !-wećan, unkićanpi.

ki'-éan-pta, v. a. to comfort one; to take sides with, desire to help one,-wećanpta, uŋkićaŋptapi. Hence, wićakićanpte, a comforter. ki-ćan'-yan, v. a. to work; to till, cultivate, as the ground,-wakićaŋmda and wakićanyaŋ, yakidanda, unkićanyanpi,

a string, for one,-wećapsaka, unkićapsakapi. ki-ća'-psa-ka, v, a. to cut in two a string in the middle,-kiwakapsaka.

ki-ća'-psan, v. a. to shake for or to one: pa kiéapsan, to bow the head to one,-wećapsan. ki'-ća-psuŋ, v. of kapsuŋ; to knock over and spill out, as water, for one,-wećapsun. ki'-ća-psun, v. of kapsun; to strike or knock off, as a horn, for one,―wećapśun. ki'-ća-pta, v. Same as kićanpta.

ki'-ća-sde-ća, v. of kasdeća; to split in two for one, wećasdeća.

ki'-ća-spa, v. of kaspa; to divide for one,-wećaspa.

ki-ća'-śpa, v. a. to cut in two in the middle, as an apple,-kiwakaśpa, kiuŋkaśpapi. ki'-ća-tpa, v. Same as kićakpa.

ki'-ća-we-ġa, v. of kawega; to partly break or fracture for one, wećaweġa.

ki'-ća-wi-hnu-ni, v. of kawihnuni; to destroy for one, wećawihnuni.

ki-ći', prep. with, together with: kići mda, I go with him.

ki'-ći, prep. in comp. for: kićićahdi, to bring home for one.

ki-ći', prep. in comp. to each other. This makes

the reciprocal form of verbs: as, ećakićićonpi, they do to each other; wastekićidapi, they love each other.

ki-ći'-ća, v. n. to be with, together with, following with, on the same side with: kićića wota, of the same age with,-wećića, unkićićapi, mićića. ki'-ći-ća-da, v. of kada; to pour out or spill for one, wećićada, mićićada. ki'-ći-ća-ġa, v. of kaga; to make any thing for another, wećićaġa, unkićićaġapi. In use there is a difference between kićaġa and kićićaġa. If one writes a letter to another, he uses kíćaga; if he writes for or in the place of another, he uses kićićaġa.

ki'-ći-ća-ġe-ġe, v. of kaġeġe; to sew any thing for one, wećićaġeġe, unkićićaġeġepi, mićićagege.

ki'-ći-ća-hda, v. of ahda; to take to one's home for him, wećićahda, mićićahda, unkićićahdapi. ki'-ći-ća-hdi, v. of ahdi; to bring to one's home for him, wećićahdi, unkićićahdipi. ki'-ći-ća-hi, v. of ahi; to bring to a place for one, wećićahi, unkićićahipi.

ki'-ći-ća-hin-ta, v. of kahinta; to sweep for one,―wećićahinta, unkićićahintapi.

ki'-ći-ća-hni-ġa, v. of kahniga; to choose or select for one,-wedićahniga.