Oxford textbook of palliative medicine

FOREWORD; INTRODUCTION; SECTION 2: THE CHALLENGE OF PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 2.1 The problem of suffering; 2.2 The epidemiology of death and symptoms; 2.3 Palliative medicine and modern cancer care; 2.4 Predicting survival in patients with advanced disease; 2.5 The interdisciplinary team; 2.6 Economics based palliative medicine; SECTION 3: ETHICAL ISSUES; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Confidentiality; 3.3 Truth-telling and consent; 3.4 Educating for professional competence in palliative medicine; 3.5 Palliative medicine and children: ethical and legal issues; 3.6 Ethical issues in palliative care research; 3.7 Euthanasia and withholding treatment; SECTION 4: COMMUNICATION AND PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 4.1 Communication with the patient and family in palliative medicine; 4.2 Communication with professionals; 4.3 Communication with public, politicians and media; SECTION 5: RESEARCH IN PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 5.1 The principles of evidence-based medicine; 5.2 Clinical research in palliative medicine: practical considerations; 5.3 Qualitative research in palliative medicine; 5.4 Pain research - the design of clinical trials; 5.5 Research into psychosocial issues; SECTION 6: PATIENT EVALUATION AND OUTCOME MEASURES; 6.1 The measurement of pain and other symptoms; 6.2 Are we doing the right thing well: assessing and maintaining the quality of care?; 6.3 Quality of life in palliative medicine - principles and practice; SECTION 7: PRINCIPLES OF DRUG USE IN PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; SECTION 8: SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT; 8.1 Disease modifying management; 8.1.1 Palliative medicine and the treatment of cancer; 8.1.2 Radiotherapy in symptom management; 8.1.3 Surgical palliation; 8.1.4 Orthopaedic principles and management; 8.1.5 Interventional radiology; 8.2 The management of pain; 8.2.1 Pathophysiology of pain in cancer and other terminal diseases; 8.2.2 Acute and chronic cancer pain syndromes; 8.2.3 Opioid analgesic therapy; 8.2.4 Non-opioid analgesics; 8.2.5 Adjuvant analgesics in pain management; 8.2.6 Anaesthetic techniques for pain management; 8.2.7 Neurosurgical techniques in the management of pain; 8.2.8 Treating pain with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS); 8.2.9 Acupuncture; 8.2.10 Psychological and psychiatric interventions in pain control; 8.2.11 Difficult pain problems - an integrated approach; 8.3 Gastro-intestinal symptoms; 8.3.1 Palliation of nausea and vomiting; 8.3.2 Dysphagia, dyspepsia and hiccup; 8.3.3 Constipation and diarrhoea; 8.3.4 Pathophysiology and management of malignant bowel obstruction; 8.3.5 Jaundice, ascites and hepatic encephalopathy; 8.4 Nutrition in palliative medicine; 8.4.1 Pathophysiology of the Anorexia/Cachexia syndrome; 8.4.2 Clinical assessment and decision making in cachexia and anorexia; 8.4.3 Dietary and nutritional aspects of palliative medicine; 8.4.4 Pharmacological interventions in cachexia and anorexia; 8.5 Fatigue and asthenia; 8.6 Clinical management of anaemia, cytopenias and thrombosis in palliative medicine; 8.7 Pruritu